The Nomination Database for the
Nobel Peace Prize, 1901-1956

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Year	Nominator	Nominee(s)	Motivation
1901	37 members of the Swedish parliament (Wavrinsky)	Cremer Passy The International Permanent Peace Bureau	Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society (Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), Passy also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. The Peace Bureau organized peace conferences, and it collected and published peace literature. It was the heart of the European peace movement, and it co-ordinated the activities of the various national and non-governmental peace organizations.	Show »
1901	37 members of the Swedish parliament (Wavrinsky)	Passy Cremer The Permanent International Peace Bureau	Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society (Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), Passy also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. The Peace Bureau organized peace conferences, and it collected and published peace literature. It was the heart of the European peace movement, and it co-ordinated the activities of the various national and non-governmental peace organizations.	Show »
1901	37 members of the Swedish parliament (Wavrinsky)	The Permanent International Peace Bureau Cremer Passy	The Peace Bureau organized peace conferences, and it collected and published peace literature. It was the heart of the European peace movement, and it co-ordinated the activities of the various national and non-governmental peace organizations. Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society (Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), Passy also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union.	Show »
1901	Beckman	Cremer Passy	Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society (Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), Passy also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union.	Show »
1901	Beckman	Passy Cremer	Passy's career as a peace worker began in 1856 with his opposition to the Crimean War. In 1867 he founded the first French peace society (Ligue internationale et permanente de la paix). Passy promoted free trade, pacifism, international law and arbitration. As a member of parliament (1881-1889), Passy also contributed to the founding of the Inter-Parliamentary Union. Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union.	Show »
1901	Darby	The English Peace Society		Show »
1901	Hilty	Spencer Tolstoy		Show »
1901	Hilty	Tolstoy Spencer		Show »
1901	Lammasch	Cremer	Cremer established the International Arbitration League in 1870. He initiated an arbitration treaty between Great Britain and the USA. Cremer organized and promoted inter-parliamentary peace conferences, and he was editor of the journal "The Arbitrator". He was the only labor leader in the peace movement. Cremer was also one of the founders of the Inter-Parliamentary Union.	Show »
1901	Lund	Pauncefote of Preston	Pauncefote dealt successfully with the problems concerning seal fishing in the Bering Sea, the Venezuela Boundary Dispute, and the Panama Canal question (the Hay-Pauncefote treaties 1899-1901). As a delegate to the First Hague Conference (1899) he was a leading figure in the formation of a permanent tribunal of arbitration.	Show »

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