J. Georg Bednorz
Facts
Photo from the Nobel Foundation archive.
J. Georg Bednorz
Nobel Prize in Physics 1987
Born: 16 May 1950, Neuenkirchen, West Germany (now Germany)
Affiliation at the time of the award: IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Rüschlikon, Switzerland
Prize motivation: “for their important break-through in the discovery of superconductivity in ceramic materials”
Prize share: 1/2
Work
When certain metals are cooled to extremely low temperatures, they become superconductors, conducting electrical current entirely without resistance. However, very low temperatures, just a few degrees above absolute zero, are required for this phenomenon to occur. In 1986 Georg Bednorz and Alex Müller discovered that a material composed of copper oxide with lantanum and barium additives became superconducting at a significantly higher temperature than previously tested materials. This sparked extensive research into similar materials.
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