1988
Leptons and quarks
Matter is composed of two types of particles, leptons and hadrons. The hadrons are constructed of quarks, while the leptons do not seem to be constructed of other constituents. As the experiment of the Nobel Prize winners so convincingly showed, the leptons are grouped in pairs. This grouping into pairs also occurs for the…
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The hunt for the muon neutrino
In order to understand how the weak force works and to explore the possible existence of two neutrinos, it was necessary to study neutrino interactions at high energies. Leon Lederman, Melvin Schwartz and Jack Steinberger were working to achieve a sufficiently intense neutrino beam for several years. This neutrino beam was produced in several…
moreThe Nobel Prize in Physics 1988
The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics to Leon M. Lederman Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois, USA Melvin Schwartz Digital Pathways Inc., Mountain View, California, USA Jack Steinberger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons…
morePress release
Press release
19 October 1988 has decided to award the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to Leon Lederman, Batavia, Illinois, USA, Melvin Schwartz, Mountain view, California, USA and Jack Steinberger, Geneva, Switzerland, for the neutrino beam method and the demonstration of the doublet structure of the leptons through the discovery of the muon neutrino. This year’s…
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