Nobel Prize

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Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen was born on March 27, 1845, at Lennep in the Lower Rhine Province of Germany, as the only child of a merchant in, and manufacturer of, cloth. His mother was Charlotte Constanze Frowein of Amsterdam, a member of an old Lennep family which had settled in Amsterdam. When he was three years…

Heike Kamerlingh Onnes was born on September 21, 1853, at Groningen, The Netherlands. His father, Harm Kamerlingh Onnes, was the owner of a brickworks near Groningen; his mother was Anna Gerdina Coers of Arnhem, the daughter of an architect. After spending the allotted time at the “Hoogere Burgerschool” in his native town (secondary school without…

Charles Thomson Rees Wilson was born on the 14th of February, 1869, in the parish of Glencorse, near Edinburgh. His father, John Wilson, was a farmer, and his ancestors had been farmers in the South of Scotland for generations. His mother was Annie Clerk Harper. At the age of four he lost his father, and…

Wolfgang Pauli was born on April 25th, 1900 in Vienna. He received his early education in Vienna before studying at the University of Munich under Arnold Sommerfeld. He obtained his doctor’s degree in 1921 and spent a year at the University of Göttingen as assistant to and a further year with at Copenhagen. The years…

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English Presentation Speech by Professor Lars Brink of the , December 10, 2004. Professor Lars Brink delivering the Presentation Speech for the 2004 Nobel Prize in Physics at the Stockholm Concert Hall. Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen, When Isaac Newton saw the apple fall he understood how gravity works and…

  The Nobel Prize in Physics 2004             The strong force Many tried but failed, to find a theory in which the strength of the strong force decreases as the energy increases. This year’s Nobel Laureates produced a theory with the required minus sign.       Contents: |  |  |   |  |  |  | …

Hendrik Antoon Lorentz was born at Arnhem, The Netherlands, on July 18, 1853, as the son of nursery-owner Gerrit Frederik Lorentz and his wife née Geertruida van Ginkel. When he was four years old, his mother died, and in 1862 his father married Luberta Hupkes. In those days the grade school did not only have…