Nobel Prize

I was born in the lovely coastal city of Charleston, S.C. in 1916 and lived there until I was thirteen. In Charleston I first became enamored of “natural history” when I attended nature study classes and field trips to nearby beaches, marshes and woods, sponsored by the Charleston Museum. I became an avid shell collector…

Alexis Carrel was born at Lyons, France, on June 28, 1873. He was the son of a business man, also named Alexis Carrel, who died when his son was very young. Alexis was educated at home by his mother Anne Ricard, and also at St. Joseph School, Lyons. In 1889 he took the degree of…

The first two decades of my life were spent in the New York City area, where the families of both my parents had settled in the 1920s after immigrating from Italy. My father had been a ship builder in Naples but my mother was still a young child when she came from Sicily. They met…

Georg von Békésy was born in Budapest, Hungary, on June 3, 1899, the son of Alexander von Békésy, a diplomat, and his wife, Paula. He received his early education in Munich, Constantinople, Budapest, and in a private school in Zurich. Having passed the Swiss «Maturitätsprüfung» he studied chemistry at the University of Berne. After a…

Niels K. Jerne, born 23rd December 1911, London My parents, Hans Jessen Jerne and Else Marie Lindberg, and their ancestors (back to the seventeenth century and earlier) all lived on the island Fanø and in a small adjacent area of western Jutland in Denmark. My family moved to London in 1910, and then to Holland…

I was born in 1943, the only child of John and Edna Roberts (née Allsop) in Derby, England. My father was a motor mechanic and my mother a homemaker. We moved to Bath when I was four and so I consider myself a Bathonian. My elementary education was at Christ Church infant school and St.…

My father, Jabir Murat Ejupi, was born in Albania in 1892 and was the oldest of four children. His mother died when he was 13 years old. He and his family were shepherds and he subsequently ran away from home to sell candy in the Balkan countries as a teenager for several years. Although he…

Robert W. Holley was born in Urbana, Illinois, on January 28th, 1922, one of four sons of Charles and Viola Holley. His parents were both educators. He attended public schools in Illinois, California and Idaho, and graduated from Urbana High School in 1938. He studied chemistry at the University of Illinois and received his B.…

Name: Georges Jean Franz Köhler Born: 17.4.1946 in München. German Nationality Education and research experience April 1965Abitur in Kehl, beginning of studies in Biology at the University of Freiburg.January 1971Diploma in Biology, work on repair-deficient strains of Escherichia coli and computer assisted instruction.April 1974Ph.D., University of Freiburg. Thesis work on immunological studies of the enzyme…

My father was a Jewish immigrant who settled in Argentina, and was left to his own devices at the age of 15. My mother was a teacher, herself the daughter of a poor immigrant family. For both my mother and my father, no sacrifice was too hard to make sure that their three sons (I…