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Scientific background For the discovery of microRNA and its role in post-transcriptional gene regulation The evolution of multicellular organisms from unicellular ancestors, where each cell-type acquired specialized functions, required increasingly sophisticated mechanisms of gene regulation. Besides transcriptional gene regulation mediated by DNA-binding factors acting on regulatory sequences, other forms of control systems emerged as organisms…

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Scientific background Discoveries concerning nucleoside base modifications that enabled the development of effective mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 When SARS-CoV-2 emerged in late 2019 and rapidly spread to all parts of the world, few thought that vaccines could be developed in time to help curb the increasing global disease burden. Yet, several vaccines were approved in…

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