Hannes Alfvén

Facts

Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén

Photo: Welinder, Jaeger & Bergne studio. Nobel Foundation archive

Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén
Nobel Prize in Physics 1970

Born: 30 May 1908, Norrköping, Sweden

Died: 2 April 1995, Djursholm, Sweden

Affiliation at the time of the award: Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

Prize motivation: “for fundamental work and discoveries in magnetohydro-dynamics with fruitful applications in different parts of plasma physics”

Prize share: 1/2

Work

The phenomenon of aurora borealis occurs when bursts of charged particles from the sun collide with the earth’s magnetic field. These jets of particles are an example of a special state of matter—plasma. Plasma is a gas comprised of electrons and ions (electrically charged atoms) that forms at high temperatures. From the late 1930s onward, Hannes Alfvén developed a theory about aurora borealis, which led to magneto-hydrodynamics; the theory of the relationships between a plasma’s movements, electric currents and fields, and magnetic fields.

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MLA style: Hannes Alfvén – Facts. NobelPrize.org. Nobel Prize Outreach 2026. Sat. 10 Oct 2026. <https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/1970/alfven/facts/>

Six days, six prizes

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