Nobel Prize in Physics 1921
Albert Einstein: Father of modern physics
Albert Einstein, born on 14 March 1879 in Ulm, Germany, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 1921 for his many contributions to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect.
Hundreds or thousands of nominations are received for the Nobel Prize every year from members of academies, university professors, scientists, previous Nobel Prize laureates, members of parliamentary assemblies and more.
The Nobel Prize medal.
© Nobel Prize Outreach. Photo: Clément Morin.
This year’s Nobel Prize announcements will take place 6–13 October. All announcements will be streamed live here on nobelprize.org.
Photo: Patrik Lundin/The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences
This year’s laureates used tools from physics to construct methods that helped lay the foundation for today’s powerful machine learning.
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2024 is about proteins, life’s ingenious chemical tools.
Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun discovered microRNA, a new class of tiny RNA molecules that play a crucial role in gene regulation.
The Nobel Prize in Literature 2024 is awarded to the South Korean author Han Kang, “for her intense poetic prose that confronts historical traumas and exposes the fragility of human life.”
The grassroots movement of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki, also known as Hibakusha, is receiving the Nobel Peace Prize for its efforts to achieve a world free of nuclear weapons and for demonstrating through witness testimony that nuclear weapons must never be used again.
This year’s laureates have provided new insights into why there are such vast differences in prosperity between nations.
This year’s Peace Prize exhibition tells the powerful story of Nihon Hidankyo and their work for a nuclear weapon-free world.
The co-chairs of Nihon Hidankyo viewing the traditional torch light procession in Oslo from a balcony at the Grand Hotel in Oslo, Norway, 10 December 2024.
© Nobel Prize Outreach. Photo: Jo Straube
A large selection of artefacts from Nobel Prize laureates is on display.
Malala Yousafzai – awarded the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize – donated this scarf to the Nobel Prize Museum which she wore when she argued for all children's right to education at the United Nations headquarters in 2013.
Photo: Nobel Prize Museum
Work by Karin Alfredsson shows a magnificent nature, strongly threatened by climate change. Poems by literature laureate Jon Fosse are also included in the exhibition.
Karin Alfredsson: Snow and Rain Shall Pass
Photo: Karin Alfredsson
How much do you know about blood types? Try out in this game.
Learn about conditioned reflexes in this interactive game.
This fast-paced game relies on a keen knowledge of food containing vitamin B1.
Sir J. Fraser Stoddart passed away on 30 December 2024, aged 82. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2016 “for the design and synthesis of molecular machines”.
Former US President Jimmy Carter passed away on 29 December 2024. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize 2002 “for his decades of untiring effort to find peaceful solutions to international conflicts, to advance democracy and human rights, and to promote economic and social development”.
Chemist Martin Karplus passed away on 28 December 2024, aged 94. He was awarded the 2013 Nobel Prize in Chemistry “for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems”.
Physicist Leon N. Cooper passed away on 23 October 2024. He was awarded the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physics “for their jointly developed theory of superconductivity, usually called the BCS-theory”.
