Nobel Prize

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Scientific background Activation of the immune system The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded with one half jointly to Bruce A. Beutler and Jules A. Hoffmann for their discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity, and the other half to Ralph M. Steinman for his discovery of the dendritic cell and its…

Today it is known that NO is also an important signalling molecule outside the cardiovascular system and has become a useful tool in the practice of medicine:  Neurons in the brain NO can enhance the olfactory sense No is released in increased quantities in inflammation, a fact that can be used for diagnostic purposes  …

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I was born in the lovely coastal city of Charleston, S.C. in 1916 and lived there until I was thirteen. In Charleston I first became enamored of “natural history” when I attended nature study classes and field trips to nearby beaches, marshes and woods, sponsored by the Charleston Museum. I became an avid shell collector…

Georg von Békésy was born in Budapest, Hungary, on June 3, 1899, the son of Alexander von Békésy, a diplomat, and his wife, Paula. He received his early education in Munich, Constantinople, Budapest, and in a private school in Zurich. Having passed the Swiss «Maturitätsprüfung» he studied chemistry at the University of Berne. After a…

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Presentation Speech by Professor Peter Reichard of the Translation from the Swedish text Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Ladies and Gentlemen, How does a cancercell arise? What distinguishes it from a normal cell? Cancercells are social misfits, outside the control of the organism. The capacity for unlimited growth is inherited from generation to generation. The…

English Presentation Speech by Professor Göran K. Hansson, Secretary of the and of the Nobel Committee for Physiology or Medicine, 10 December 2011 Your Majesties, Your Royal Highnesses, Honoured Nobel Laureates, Ladies and Gentlemen, We live in a dangerous world. During the hour you spend here in the Concert Hall, you will be exchanging millions…