Nobel Prize

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‘t Hooft and Veltman did their Nobel Prize work around 1970. Not until results were presented from the particle accelerator LEP at CERN, the European Laboratory in Geneva, was the breadth of their contributions realised.      From these results, among other things, the mass of the top quark could be predicted. This prediction was confirmed when…

The electroweak interactions play an extremely important role in nature. There would be no atoms without electromagnetism and the sun would not shine without weak interactions! Electromagnetic interactions make the electrons keep to their orbits around the nucleus and weak interactions transform protons into neutrons and “bake” them into helium nuclei in the “oven” in…

Contents: Based on materials from the 1999 Nobel Poster for Physics.

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  The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to Professor Gerardus ‘t Hooft and Professor Emeritus Martinus J.G. Veltman for “elucidating the quantum structure of electroweak interactions in physics.” The structure of particle physics is described using the Standard Model. In this model electromagnetic and weak interactions…

Interview transcript Professor ‘t Hooft, a key word in physics today, or one of the key words, is unification. There is a lot to talk about unification of forces, according to your mind is unification necessary? Gerardus ‘t Hooft: Usually there is a danger that one overemphasises the need for unification; it’s…

Presentation Speech by Professor Cecilia Jarlskog of the , December 10, 1999. Translation of the Swedish text. Professor Cecilia Jarlskog delivering the Presentation Speech for the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics at the Stockholm Concert Hall. Your Majesties, Your Royal Highness, Ladies and Gentlemen, “Everything is made up of water,” Thales told us…

Additional background material on the Nobel Prize in Physics 1999 12 October 1999 has awarded the 1999 Nobel Prize in Physics jointly to Professor Gerardus ‘t Hooft, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands, and Professor Emeritus Martinus J. G. Veltman, University of Michigan, USA, resident in Bilthoven, the Netherlands. “for elucidating the quantum structure of…